Suit for :Aira, Alfa Laval, Armstrong, Airedale, Airmat, AMT, AODD, Argus, Atlas Copco, Aurora Pump, Baker Hughes, Barmesa, BJM, Blacoh, Boerger, Busch, Buehler, Calpeda, Caprari, CFS Irrigation, Cornell, Crane Pumps & Systems, CNP, DAE Pumps, Dab Pumps, Dickow Pumpen, Dover Corporation, EBARA, Edur, EIM, ETEC International, Flowserve, Franklin Electric, Flygt, FTI, Gorman-Rupp, Goulds, Grindex, Grundfos, GEA Group, Hayes Pump, Honda Power Equipment, Honeywell, Hydromatic, ITT Goulds, INPATECH, Industrial Flow Solutions, Jee Pumps, John Crane, KSB, Lancaster Pump, Leistritz Pumpen, Lowara, MP Pumps, Miami Pump, Mouvex, Munsch, Metso, Minimax, Nickerson Company, Neptune, Nikkiso, Oberdorfer, Pedrollo, Pentair, Pitbull Industrial, Pure Aqua, Pompetravaini, Ronix, Roth Pump Company, Ruhrpumpen, Sundyne, SPP Pumps, SEEPEX, Schlumberger, Sulzer, Sero, SPX Flow, T-T Pumps, Tsurumi, Timken, Trust Process Solutions, Vaughan, Vogelsang, Viking, Versamatic, Vickers, Weir Group, Wilo, Xylem, Zoeller, Zenit, Zhejiang Taifu, Zhejiang Chenjie
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Types of Water Pumps (Industrial & International Trade Focus)
Below is a structured list of water pump types, categorized by core working principles, structural designs, conveyed media, and application scenarios. It includes key features, typical use cases, and renowned international brands to support selection and trade-related communications.
I. Classified by Core Working Principle (Most Common)
Pump Type | Working Principle | Key Features | Typical Application Scenarios | International Brand References |
Centrifugal Pump | Relies on high-speed impeller rotation to generate centrifugal force, propelling media to the outlet (kinetic energy → pressure energy). | Large flow rate, wide head range (low → high), simple structure, easy maintenance; accounts for over 80% of industrial applications. | Industrial circulating water, water supply/drainage, HVAC, agricultural irrigation, petrochemical transportation. | Grundfos, KSB, Wilo, Xylem |
Positive Displacement Pump | Relies on changes in cavity volume to suck and discharge media (e.g., piston, gear, or screw extrusion). | High head, stable flow rate (unaffected by pipeline resistance), suitable for high-viscosity media. | High-pressure cleaning, hydraulic systems, crude oil/asphalt transportation, food processing (no shear requirements). | Bosch Rexroth, Netzsch, Eaton, Lewa |
Special Principle Pumps | Non-traditional mechanical transmission (e.g., electromagnetic force, ultrasonic waves, jet negative pressure). | No mechanical wear, low noise, suitable for special media (corrosive, high-purity). | Laboratories, medical equipment, electronic semiconductor cleaning, small-scale pure water transfer. | Olympus, Pfeiffer Vacuum |
Subtypes of Positive Displacement Pumps (Industrial-Grade)
Gear Pump: Compact structure; suitable for low-viscosity media (lubricating oil, diesel) in automotive and mechanical hydraulic systems.
Screw Pump: Single/double screw design; conveys high-viscosity media with particles (sludge, food slurry).
Piston/Plunger Pump: High pressure (up to several hundred bar), high precision; used in hydraulic systems, high-pressure cleaning, and oilfield water injection.
Diaphragm Pump: Shaft seal-free design, leak-proof; suitable for corrosive media (acids, alkalis) and solid-containing media (chemical industry, sewage treatment).
II. Classified by Structural Design
Structural Type | Key Characteristics | Application Scenarios |
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Single-Stage Pump | 1 impeller; simple structure, low cost; suitable for low head (≤100m) and large flow. | Building water supply/drainage, industrial cooling circulation. |
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Multi-Stage Pump | Multiple impellers in series; high head (up to 1000m+), stable flow. | High-rise building water supply, mine drainage, long-distance pipeline transportation. |
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Self-Priming Pump | Equipped with self-priming device; starts without priming, avoids dry running damage. | Outdoor operations, emergency drainage, pond pumping, chemical tank farm transfer. |
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Pipeline Pump | Tubular pump body; directly installable in pipelines; small size, low noise. | HVAC, floor pressure boosting, industrial pipeline circulation. |
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Submersible Pump | Integrated motor and pump body; operates submerged in media; no need for machine room, easy installation. | Sewage treatment, deep well water extraction, foundation pit drainage, underwater operations (e.g., offshore platforms). | Grundfos, Wilo, QJ Series (domestic) |
III. Classified by Conveyed Media (Core for Industrial Selection)
Media Type | Pump Requirements | Typical Pump Types |
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Clean Water | Low corrosion resistance; focus on flow rate and head. | Single-stage centrifugal pump, pipeline pump (e.g., Grundfos CR Series). |
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Sewage/Sludge | Clog-resistant, wear-resistant; impeller with anti-winding (cutting function). | Submersible sewage pump, screw pump, diaphragm pump (e.g., Xylem Flygt Series). |
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Corrosive Media | Pump body made of stainless steel (304/316L) or PTFE; excellent sealing performance. | Fluoroplastic centrifugal pump, rubber-lined diaphragm pump (for acids, alkalis in chemical industry). | KSB Amarex, Grundfos Magna3 |
High-Temperature Media | High-temperature resistant materials (superalloys), enhanced mechanical seals; suitable for media above 200℃. | Multi-stage centrifugal high-temperature pump, heat transfer oil pump (e.g., heat transfer oil transportation in petrochemical industry). | Wilo Stratos, KSB Omega |
Oil/Fuel | Explosion-proof design, leak-proof; suitable for diesel, gasoline, lubricating oil. | Gear pump, vane pump (e.g., automotive engines, industrial hydraulic systems). | Bosch, Eaton, Caterpillar |
Sanitary-Grade Media | Dead-angle-free design, easy to clean; compliant with food/pharmaceutical standards (3A, GMP). | Centrifugal pump, cam rotor pump (for liquid medicine, fruit juice in food and pharmaceutical industries). | Alfa Laval, SPX Flow |
IV. Classified by Application Scenarios (Aligned with Industrial Automation & International Trade)
Application Field | Common Pump Types | Key Selection Parameters |
Industrial Automation | Pipeline pump, centrifugal pump, gear pump (hydraulic systems). | Flow rate (m³/h), head (m), media temperature (℃), motor power (kW), explosion-proof rating (Ex d IIB T4). |
Water Treatment | Submersible sewage pump, centrifugal sewage pump, metering pump (dosing systems). | Anti-clogging capability, sludge concentration, corrosion-resistant materials. |
Petrochemical/Chemical | Corrosion-resistant centrifugal pump, screw pump, high-temperature heat transfer oil pump. | Explosion-proof certification, media viscosity, temperature/pressure resistance. |
Construction/HVAC | Pipeline pump, self-priming pump, variable-frequency centrifugal pump (energy-saving). | Low noise, variable frequency compatibility, head stability. |
Agriculture/Municipal | Large centrifugal pump, submersible pump. | Large flow rate, low head, weather resistance (outdoor use). |
Marine/Offshore Engineering | Marine centrifugal pump, submersible pump (seawater corrosion-resistant). | Salt spray corrosion resistance, compact design, marine certifications (ABS, DNV). |